Ḥeshbon Colleges and Universities · Essay 16
Case file 16 · The price of a degree

How much will university cost?

Every college posts a price, and almost no one pays it. The real number sits inside a black box built from your income, your home state and the school's own rules. For a New York family earning $180,000, our estimates run from $21,600 a year at Yale to $76,274 at Michigan. Open the box one clue at a time.

Step one: describe the family in the case
$0$500,000Both parents, before taxes.
Public universities charge less to their own state's residents.
13Schools may give more aid for this. Our estimate does not change.
2.54Fewer if credit from a year in Israel, AP exams or dual enrollment lets the student finish early. See clue 6.
$0$300,000We spread it across the years on campus.
$0$200,000Also spread across the years on campus.
$0$7,395Federal grant for lower incomes, up to $7,395. Leave at zero if unsure.
$0$20,000From a federation, a foundation or a free-loan society.
$0$7,500A first-year student can borrow up to $5,500 from the government.
$0$60,000A parent loan, grandparents, anything outside this year's pay.
Schools to investigate

Sixteen campuses with a JLIC rabbinic couple from the Orthodox Union, plus Yeshiva University. Barnard, Queens College and Brooklyn College are left out because we could not find reliable prices.

Evidence board
The case of

Detective's notebook
Suspects
    Notes to self
    1
    Clue 1 · The posted price
    What does the school say a year costs?

    Every case starts with the number on the school's website. Each bar below is one school's posted price for a year: tuition, fees, housing and food, the four things a school bills for. For public universities it is the price for a family from .

    Most private universities sit above $90,000. Hold that number loosely. Very few families pay it.

    Evidence 1
    The posted price for one year
    Verified Each school's own cost page, 2026-27 where published · rows marked * use 2024-25 or 2025-26
    2
    Clue 2 · What is inside the price
    What is the money actually for?

    Open the price and it splits into parts. Each bar below shows a school's tuition, fees, housing and food, as the school publishes them. The red piece at public universities is the extra charged to students from another state.

    Tuition is the biggest part almost everywhere. Keep an eye on it, because in the next clue it starts to disappear.

    Evidence 2
    What a year's price is made of, for a family from
    Verified Each school's own cost page · the black tick appears once clue 3 is open
    3
    Clue 3 · Your income
    How much does your income change the bill?

    This is where most of the mystery lives. Most private universities here now publish an aid promise: below one income, tuition is free, and below a lower one, everything is. The pale bar in the first chart shows the incomes where tuition is free, the dark bar the incomes where everything is free, and the dashed line is your income, .

    Evidence 3
    Income limits for free tuition and a free year
    Verified Each school's published aid policy, fall 2026

    Now apply those promises to your family. In the next chart, the pale bar is the posted price and the blue bar is the estimated bill after aid. The shorter the blue bar, the more the posted price was hiding.

    Evidence 4
    Your estimated bill for one year
    Estimate Published prices and aid rules · a school's own calculator may come in lower

    Earning more than a limit does not mean getting nothing. Schools still review each family, and many families above the limits receive grants, especially with a second child in college. Yeshiva University publishes no income limits, but says it will consider tuition a family pays for younger children at private elementary and high schools, which describes most day school families.

    4
    Clue 4 · The state line
    Does your home state change the price?

    At public universities, it changes it a lot. Each bar below splits a public university's price into housing and food (gray), in-state tuition (dark) and the extra charge for students from another state (red). Hatching marks tuition a state program pays for you.

    Evidence 5
    Public university prices for a family from
    Verified School cost pages and federal College Navigator

    New York's Excelsior Scholarship pays SUNY and CUNY tuition for New York families earning up to $125,000, if the student then lives and works in New York for as many years as the scholarship paid. Rutgers offers free tuition to New Jersey families earning under $65,000.

    5
    Clue 5 · The kosher kitchen
    Does keeping kosher cost more?

    This looked like a prime suspect. It turns out to be a red herring. A bar to the right means the kosher meal plan costs more per year than the regular plan, a bar to the left means less, and a dot on the center line means the same price.

    Evidence 6
    Kosher meal plan compared with the regular plan, per year
    Verified Meal plan prices from each school, Maryland Hillel and Rutgers Chabad House

    What differs is how much kosher food there is. UCLA has no kosher dining hall, only frozen meals and a Hillel lunch four days a week. Maryland's kosher plan works only at Hillel. Cornell may charge extra for some Shabbat meals, Rutgers' Chabad House serves Shabbat meals free, and at Yeshiva University every meal is kosher.

    6
    Clue 6 · Time and money
    How long will you pay, and with what?

    The last clue is the calendar. A bill is paid every year the student is on campus, so each bar below shows the whole degree, split by where the money would come from: teal for your 529 and savings, blue for student loans, orange for family help, and dark gray for your income.

    Evidence 7
    The whole degree, by where the money comes from
    Estimate Yearly bill times years on campus, at today's prices

    Sometimes, and every year saved is a full year's bill a family never pays. Three kinds of credit can shorten a degree: a year of study in Israel, AP or IB exams, and college courses taken in high school. Each school decides how much of each it accepts, and the rules differ a great deal.

    Yeshiva University gives credit for its Israel program, recorded as block credit without grades, and those credits do not count toward the time a student must spend in residence at YU. Brooklyn College grants up to 27 credits for full-time study at a listed Israeli yeshiva or seminary, once the student earns a B or higher in an approved Judaic Studies course on campus. For most of the other schools here, including Binghamton, we did not find a published policy on yeshiva or seminary credit. Israel programs run through an accredited university, such as Bar-Ilan, usually transfer like any other college course.

    The years-on-campus slider above lets you see the difference. Set it to three and every total on this page drops by a quarter. Before counting on it, ask each school in writing how many credits it will accept and whether they let a student graduate early, because the private universities with the largest aid promises often expect students to stay for four years.

    Case closed

    So, how much will university cost?

    The posted price was the decoy. Plan around your bill after aid, which depends mostly on your income and your home state. The kosher kitchen barely moves it.

    The full case file: your estimate for every school

    A school's own net price calculator may come in lower. Where a school has no aid rule at your income, the table shows the government's average for families like yours, for reference only.

    The working for the school on the evidence board

    חשבון

    (heshbon, a reckoning) What these estimates leave out.

    1. Every number is an estimate. We apply each school's published aid rule to your income. We do not reproduce each school's full formula. A school's own calculator may come in lower, especially above an income limit or with more than one child in college.
    2. Pell Grants are subtracted only at public universities, because the private schools here already count Pell inside their promises. Outside scholarships are subtracted everywhere, which may overstate them at private schools.
    3. Every price was checked against the school's own cost page in fall 2026. Most are 2026-27. UChicago, Columbia and Brandeis use their latest published year, 2025-26. Maryland, Michigan and Florida use 2024-25 federal figures, because their 2026-27 breakdowns were not found. Rutgers' 2026-27 totals come from a summary of Rutgers' own rates. Cornell's fees, books and personal costs, Princeton's U.S. News figures (now replaced by Princeton's own page), and Yeshiva University's books and personal costs (2023-24 federal data) are the least certain numbers.
    4. Yeshiva University, WashU (except for Missouri and southern Illinois families earning $75,000 or less) and, above $100,000, NYU publish no income limit, so they get no estimate. The government average shown instead describes 2022-23 and counts only families who received federal aid. New York's TAP grant is not modeled.
    5. Only one school calculator has been run so far: NYU's, for a New York family at $120,000, which gave $43,184 a year. More runs are planned.
    6. Eruv coverage was not checked for any campus.
    7. The years-on-campus slider assumes the yearly bill stays the same and that the school allows early graduation. Credit policies for Israel study were confirmed only for Yeshiva University (from its catalog) and Brooklyn College (from its transfer office page).
    8. What would change the conclusion: school calculators showing large grants for out-of-state middle-income families at public universities, or showing that the private promises fail for larger families.

    Sources

    The data tables, calculator worksheet and source log are available as a methodology companion, offered as a separate download.

    Ḥeshbon

    A data project on how Jewish life is paid for, published in full. Every figure comes from the underlying research, and where a chart simplifies a published result the piece says so.

    Each piece here is published, with its own sources, sample sizes and limits stated in place. Percentages describe the samples observed, and several rest on small denominators, noted where they appear. Nothing here audits an individual institution. Aliyah figures are current as of August 2026, at roughly three shekels to the dollar, and Israeli tax and benefit rules move faster than that.