School finance
Every figure on Jewish day school finance comes from one of these.
- NAIS and Prizmah benchmarking panels, 2022–2026
- IRS Form 990 filings: revenue, endowment, tuition assistance, executive pay
- SAIS comparison pool, 887 private schools
- BLS consumer prices and private-sector wages
Communal affordability
Pricing a household’s year, one community at a time.
- BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025, for metropolitan wages
- BLS CPI average prices via FRED, with USDA Food Plans, for grocery baskets
- Zillow ZHVI home values, with Census Bureau migration and American Community Survey tables
- IRS Form 990 filings and NCES private school surveys for tuition and enrollment
- OU Communities Database and Nishma Research for community-level counts
Giving and institutions
Giving read from what filers and institutions report.
- IRS Statistics of Income ZIP code data: returns, income, and Schedule A contributions
- IRS Form 990 filings via ProPublica, 2008–2023, for revenue, expenses and net assets
- Form 990 Schedule I grant lines, 176,718 of them across 2,335 federation returns, tax years 2014–2024
- NCES ELSI and PSS biennial surveys, with state education censuses, for enrollment histories
- A community-by-community census of 266 communities, verified against institutional records and press
- A building-by-building census of synagogues, schools, JCCs, camps and care homes in 143 communities, for security cost
- Zillow home values, matched to each community
Aliyah
The aliyah essays run on official records from both countries.
- Central Bureau of Statistics household expenditure and wage releases
- Bituach Leumi national salary report, contribution rates and benefit tables
- Ministry of Aliyah and Integration record-level arrivals file, 2015–2025
- OECD comparative price levels and Taxing Wages
- Price transparency files published by every Israeli grocery chain each morning
Methodology companions
Each piece backed by a working paper carries a methodology and data companion, a short PDF setting out the sample, the construction of every measure, and what the result does not support. The link sits at the foot of the piece itself, next to the paper.
Where a chart on this site simplifies a published result, the piece says so in place. Where a figure rests on a small denominator, the piece says that too.